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The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane, is called ________.

Answer :

Answer: Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules, from a regions of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, through a selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis is directly dependent upon the concentrations of the solutes : a dilute solution will contain a higher concentration of water molecules, while a concentrated solution contains a low concentration of water molecules. As, a result of this the level on more concentrated side will rise and cell will get swell. On the other hand the level on less concentrated side the cell will shrink. When concentration is the same on both the sides of the membrane , the movement of water molecules will be the same in both directions. At this point, the net exchange of water will become zero and there will be no changes in the liquid levels.

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Final answer:

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane due to differences in solute concentrations on either side, facilitated by proteins such as aquaporins.

Explanation:

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane is called osmosis. This process is vitally important for maintaining cellular integrity and responding to changes in solute concentrations outside the cell. Osmosis can be described as the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration (lower solute concentration) to a region of lower water concentration (higher solute concentration). This occurs until the concentration of water and solute equalizes on both sides of the membrane or the hydrostatic pressure equals the osmotic pressure. In living systems, aquaporins play a crucial role in facilitating water movement across cell membranes, enabling osmosis to proceed efficiently.

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