Answer :

Final answer:

Dicer is the protein that cleaves dsRNA into approximately 23 bp fragments, which are then involved in the RNAi pathway for regulating gene expression.

Explanation:

The correct answer is a. The protein that cleaves double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into approximately 23 base pair (bp) fragments is known as Dicer. Dicer is an RNase III endonuclease that processes long dsRNAs and precursor microRNAs (pre-miRNAs) into short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and mature miRNAs, respectively. These RNA fragments typically contain 21-23 nucleotides for siRNA and 19-25 nucleotides for miRNA. They play a crucial role in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway by binding to RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex), which then targets and degrades complementary mRNA, thereby regulating gene expression.

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