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Data was collected concerning Galapagos bird beak size over time. There are several species of finches, also known as Darwin's Finches. These finches share the same habits and characteristics except for one: they all have differently shaped and sized beaks. The differences in their beaks might be the most important aspect of their survival. Around 1977, there was a huge drop in finches with small beaks while there was a great increase in large-beaked birds. How can you explain this?

A) The small-beaked finches were prey for larger animals.

B) The large-beaked birds preyed on the small-beaked birds.

C) Available food changed, and the small-beaked birds could not readily adapt.

D) Competition for food favored large beaks; the small-beaked birds died off.

Answer :

The struggle among Darwin's Finches, which is especially fierce during dry spells due to food scarcity, benefits those who are most adapted to their environment, according to the best conclusion.

Different finches species have nutritional specializations that are characterized by variations in their beaks due to diverse ecological settings on the same island.

Additionally, it has been demonstrated that finches that live in highly planted zones have a distinct call than those that reside in less vegetated areas, expanding their spectrum of mating calls.

A couple that belongs to the same milieu (environment) is more likely to be discovered as a result of this event, and it is from that point that the stabilization of genetic traits unique to the ecological environment occurs.

With this information, we can conclude that competition, which is particularly severe in periods of drought due to food shortages, favors the individuals most adapted to their environment. Because they have a greater chance of survival and, therefore, of reproduction, their particular genetic characteristics tend to be passed on to subsequent generations.

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