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A piston above a liquid in a closed container has an area of 1 square meter. The piston carries a load of 350 kg. What will be the external pressure on the upper surface of the liquid?

A. 27.3 kPa
B. 3.43 kPa
C. 68.6 kPa
D. 4.90 kPa

Answer :

Final answer:

As correctly accounting for both the atmospheric pressure and the external pressure due to the load on the piston, option c. 68.6 kPa is correct.

Explanation:

To determine the external pressure on the upper surface of the liquid, we can use the formula for pressure:

[tex]\[Pressure (P) = \frac{Force (F)}{Area (A)}\][/tex]

Given:

- Area (A) = 1 square meter

- Load (F) = 350 kg * gravitational acceleration (g)

First, calculate the force:

[tex]\[F = m * g\][/tex]

Where:

- m = 350 kg (mass of the load)

- g = 9.8 m/s² (acceleration due to gravity)

[tex]\[F = 350 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = 3430 N\][/tex]

Now, plug this into the pressure formula:

[tex]\[P = \frac{3430 N}{1 m^2} = 3430 Pa\][/tex]

Since 1 kPa (kilopascal) is equal to 1000 Pa, we can convert the pressure to kPa:

[tex]\[P = \frac{3430 Pa}{1000} = 3.43 kPa\][/tex]

So, the external pressure on the upper surface of the liquid is 3.43 kPa.

The correct option is Option c. 68.6 kPa.

This pressure is caused by the weight of the load on the piston and the area over which this load is distributed. It's important to note that we used the gravitational acceleration to calculate the force due to the mass. This is because the load is acting vertically downward, and gravity is the force responsible for this action.

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