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Answer :
After the first arrival of the wolves on the island, they actually saved the moose population, as well as the vegetation on the island, even though that may sound absurd.
The moose population was so high that they were right on the edge to rich a number that is not sustainable. That would have caused overgrazing and destruction of the vegetation on the island. Once there was not going to be more food, the moose population would have starved to death.
The wolves arrived on the island just on time. They started to hunt the moose, mostly the old ones and the youngsters, thus decreasing their numbers, but also slowing their reproduction. The number of the wolves was not growing too much because the territory and the food source for them was limited. That led to stabilization and balance in the ecosystem.
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Final answer:
After wolves arrived on Isle Royale, they reduced the large moose population, establishing a predator-prey balance. Historical examples show that such dynamics can lead to a healthier and more diverse ecosystem. The crash in wolves due to disease demonstrated the ecosystem's fragility and the impact of human activity on wildlife disease transmission.
Explanation:
After the wolves first arrived on Michigan's Isle Royale, they likely found a large moose population with no natural predators. This situation set the stage for the wolves to prey on the moose, thereby reducing their numbers to a more sustainable level. The arrival of wolves is significant because it establishes a predator-prey dynamic, which is essential for maintaining an ecological balance. As top predators, wolves would regulate the moose population and prevent overbrowsing of vegetation, which can have dramatic effects on the ecosystem structure and species composition.
Historically, ecosystem dynamics have often been influenced by the introduction or removal of top predators. For instance, the reintroduction of gray wolves in Yellowstone Park led to increased diversity and stability in the ecosystem. Similarly, on Isle Royale, the wolves' presence would likely have initiated cascading effects throughout the ecosystem, promoting a healthier and more diverse environment. However, without careful management such as that seen with systematic moose management in Finland, populations could experience significant fluctuations.
The sudden crash in wolf population due to disease in 1982 demonstrated the fragility of such an isolated ecosystem and highlighted the impact of human activities on wildlife disease transmission. With fewer wolves to control them, the moose population likely increased, leading to overgrazing and eventually contributing to the major crash during the harsh winter of 1996.
