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5. A toy rocket is launched from the ground with an acceleration [tex]a[/tex].

a. If the rocket runs out of fuel after 2.1 seconds, find the maximum height the rocket attains.

b. At what time will the rocket begin to descend towards the ground?

c. Find the total time the rocket is in the air.

d. What is the rocket's velocity just before it hits the ground?

Answer :

Final answer:

The toy rocket reaches a maximum height of 44.1 m, begins its descent around 3.04 seconds, stays in the air for about 5.14 seconds, and has a velocity of -9.43 m/s just before hitting the ground.


Explanation:

Solution to the Toy Rocket Launch Problem

A toy rocket launched from the ground experiences different motions during its flight. Let's break down each part of the problem:

  1. a. Maximum Height Calculation:

    The rocket accelerates upwards to a final velocity of 20 m/s in 1 second. Using the kinematic equation for displacement, we get:

    Displacement (s) = initial velocity (u) time (t) + 0.5 acceleration (a) t2

    Here, since the initial velocity u = 0 m/s, and acceleration (a) can be calculated as:

    a = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time = (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 1 s = 20 m/s2

    So, the maximum height achieved after fuel runs out (2.1 seconds) is:

    Height = (0 m/s 1s) + 0.5 (20 m/s2) (2.1 s)2 = 0 + 0.5 20 4.41 = 44.1 m.

  2. b. Descent Start Time:

    The rocket runs out of fuel at 2.1 seconds. The time when the rocket reaches its maximum height can be found using the equation:

    Time to peak = (initial velocity) / (gravity) = (20 m/s) / (9.81 m/s2) ≈ 2.04 seconds.

    Thus, the rocket begins to descend shortly after 2.1 seconds, around 3.04 seconds.

  3. c. Total Time in the Air:

    If the rocket is in free fall for approximately 1.04 seconds after it runs out of fuel, then the total time until it hits the ground can be calculated:

    Total time = time ascending + descent // (to reach max height) + (falling time + time with parachute). Assuming it takes 1 second for the parachute to deploy and the rest is constant velocity fall.

    Total time = 2.1 s (ascent) + 1.04 s (free fall) + 2 s = 5.14 seconds.

  4. d. Velocity Before Hitting Ground:

    Finally, we can find the velocity just before it hits the ground. Assuming it falls for approximately 3 seconds (from 2.1 s to around 5.14 s), using v = u + at = 20 m/s - (9.81 m/s2 * 3 s) gives:

    Velocity just before hitting ground = 20 m/s - 29.43 m/s = -9.43 m/s (downward).

In conclusion, the rocket reaches a maximum height of about 44.1 m, begins descending around 3.04 s, and the total time in the air is approximately 5.14 s with a velocity of -9.43 m/s just before impact.


Learn more about rocket motion here:

https://brainly.com/question/49965881


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