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Answer :
Final answer:
Replacing an old refrigerator with a new energy-efficient model saves more energy and costs than car repairs for fuel efficiency. It takes less than 3 years to recover the cost of a new refrigerator through electricity bill savings.
Explanation:
When considering whether to replace an old refrigerator with a newer, more energy-efficient model, it's important to calculate the potential energy savings. Your current refrigerator uses 2.4 kWh per day (500 watts for 12 hours daily), totaling 2,190 kWh per year. The new refrigerator model would use only 400 kWh per year.
Assuming an electricity cost of $0.10 per kilowatt-hour, the old refrigerator costs $219 per year to run, and the new one would cost $40. The annual savings would thus be $179. After accounting for a $50 rebate on the $550 new refrigerator cost, the effective cost is $500, which would take less than 3 years to recover from the energy savings. However, it may take longer to recoup the cost when considering the energy for manufacture and disposal of the old refrigerator.
Comparing this to car repairs that save 20 gallons of gasoline per month, with 1 liter of gasoline containing about 10 kWh of energy, we need to calculate the energy savings in joules. Each liter of gasoline represents 36 x 106 J (since 1kWh = 3.6 x 106 J). Therefore, saving 76 liters (20 gallons) each month is a saving of 273.6 x 106 J monthly, or 3,283.2 x 106 J yearly. When compared to the electricity saving of 1,790 kWh, which is 1,790 x 3.6 x 106 J = 6,444 x 106 J per year, the refrigerator replacement saves more energy over the course of a year than repairing the car to save gasoline.
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