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What is the darkening agent in photochromic lenses?

Answer :

Photochromic lenses utilize organic microcrystalline molecules that change their properties when exposed to UV rays to darken the lens under sunlight and clear it under artificial or indoor light.

The darkening agents in photochromic lenses are the organic microcrystalline molecules embedded within them. These molecules change their properties in response to differences in lighting. When exposed to UV rays in sunlight, these molecules react and cause the lens to darken, hence creating shade in sunlight. On the other hand, the absence of UV rays in artificial lighting or indoors causes these molecules to return to their original state, thereby making the lenses clear.

It's a bit similar to a process called photoisomerization that happens in our eyes' photoreceptor cells. When a photon (particle of light) hits a molecule called retinal within these cells, it causes the molecule to change conformation. This is how our eyes detect the presence of light. Similar principles are used in the design of photochromic lenses.

However, not all photoactive substances are as complex. Some other examples of photoactive materials include self-darkening sunglasses that get darker with exposure to sunlight and absorbent sponge-like materials that change shape in response to light exposure.

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