How did the beaks of finches evolve by natural selection?

Question

03-05-2025
Biology

High School

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How did the beaks of finches evolve by natural selection?

Answer :

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BridgeBridger BridgeBridger · Answer 1 · 2025-05-31T09:37:56-04:00

Final answer:

The beaks of finches evolved through natural selection, with changes in beak shape from one generation to the next driven by the availability and type of food resources.

Explanation:

The evolution of finches' beaks is a prime example of natural selection, a process first proposed by Charles Darwin. Each species of finch on the Galápagos Islands has a distinct beak shape suited to a specific type of food. According to Darwin's observations, these variations likely developed from an ancestral species' beak adapting over time to equip the finches to acquire different food sources.

This adaptation was driven by changes in the availability and type of food sources in different habitats. For instance, finches with wider, deeper beaks could feed more efficiently on large, hard seeds, whereas finches with thinner beaks were better suited to small, soft seeds. These selective pressures led to changes in beak shape from one generation to the next.

During years of drought, the number of seeds declined, with a greater decline in small, soft seeds than in large, hard seeds. This meant that large-beaked birds were able to survive better than their small-beaked counterparts, leading to an increase in the average bill size in subsequent generations. This adaptation based on environmental pressures provides clear evidence of natural selection in action.

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