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(a) In the ENGR 10 lab (E391), there are 50 long light bulbs (P=100 W) and 30 regular bulbs (P=60 W). Calculate the total energy consumed for lighting the lab during a 3-hour lab period. Additionally, calculate the amount of energy saved if all bulbs are replaced by CFL (spiral) bulbs (P=25 W).

(b) Using the information from (a), calculate the amount of natural gas (in ft³) needed to provide the energy to keep the lights (both long and regular) in the E391 lab on overnight for a month (10 hours per day for 30 days). Determine how much extra energy, in terms of cubic feet of natural gas, SJSU would need to purchase if the lights are not turned off in the lab overnight. (Note: You will need to look up the energy contained in one ft³ of natural gas and cite your source.)

Answer :

Final answer:

During a three-hour lab period, 20.4kWh of energy is consumed if long and regular bulbs are used, whereas only 6kWh is consumed if all bulbs are replaced by CFLs, saving 14.4kWh of energy. If these bulbs are kept on overnight for a month, the total energy used would equate to roughly 6962ft^3 of natural gas.

Explanation:

In the first scenario (a), we have 50 long light bulbs each consuming 100 W and 30 regular bulbs consuming 60 W each. Therefore, the total energy consumption for the 3-hour lab period is E = Pt, where P = (50 * 100W + 30 * 60W) = 6800W = 6.8kW and t = 3 hours. Hence E = 6.8kW * 3 = 20.4 kWh.

If all bulbs are replaced by CFL bulbs with 25W, P (Energy consumption) becomes (80 * 25W) = 2kW. Therefore, energy consumed during the 3-hour lab would be E = 2kW * 3 = 6 kWh, which implies an energy saving of 20.4 - 6 = 14.4 kWh.

Continuing on (b), for the combined usage of the long and regular bulbs for a month with 10 hours per day, the total energy would be E = 6.8kW * 10 * 30 = 2040 kWh. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, one cubic foot of natural gas yields about 0.293071 kWh of energy. Therefore, the number of cubic feet of natural gas required would be 2040 kWh / 0.293071 kWh/ft^3 = 6962 ft^3 of natural gas.

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