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According to Shover and Hochstetler,

A. Whether one acts on opportunity for white-collar crime depends on the ability to neutralize the guilt.

B. Whether one acts on opportunity for white-collar crime depends on the criminal disposition and internal restraints of the person to whom the opportunity is presented.

C. When opportunity for white-collar crime is present, all rational individuals will act on it.

D. Whether one acts on opportunity for white-collar crime depends on the religiosity of the person to whom the opportunity is presented.

Answer :

Final answer:

Whether one acts on an opportunity for white-collar crime depends on individual characteristics and the cost-benefit analysis, compared to legal alternatives. Economic conditions such as unemployment and wages influence the attractiveness of crime. Personal disposition and internal restraints also play critical roles.

Explanation:

Economic Analysis and White-Collar Crime Decision-Making.According to Shover and Hochstetler, the question of whether one acts on opportunity for white-collar crime depends on the criminal disposition and internal restraints of the person to whom the opportunity is presented, rather than merely the ability to neutralize guilt or the individual's religiosity. This perspective underscores the complexity of decision-making when it comes to illegal activities, considering both opportunity and personal factors.

Individuals weigh the opportunity costs of crime against legitimate economic activities. Conditions such as lower unemployment and higher wages can have a significant deterrent effect on criminal activity by improving the benefits of legal employment over illegal endeavors. Conversely, if legal opportunities are insufficiently rewarding, individuals may perceive crime as a more lucrative option.

In the context of white-collar crime, where the perpetrators often have legitimate opportunities, the cost-benefit analysis also plays a critical role. The decision to engage in such crime isn't simply rational but is affected by social factors and individual characteristics such as education, economic status, and personal morality.

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