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Answer :
To determine the expected ratio of red-to-white flowering plants in the F2 generation, we can use the information given and analyze the Punnett square.
1. Understanding the Traits:
- The allele for red flowers is represented by "R."
- The allele for white flowers is represented by "r."
2. Interpreting the Punnett Square:
The Punnett square shows the results of crossing two geraniums from the F1 generation with genotypes Rr and Rr. Here's how the combinations work:
- The first cell (top-left) gives us the genotype "RR."
- The second cell (top-right) gives us the genotype "Rr."
- The third cell (bottom-left) gives us the genotype "Rr."
- The fourth cell (bottom-right) gives us the genotype "rr."
3. Phenotypes from the Punnett Square:
- "RR" and "Rr" both represent plants with red flowers. This is because the presence of at least one "R" allele results in red flowers.
- "rr" represents plants with white flowers since there are no "R" alleles.
4. Counting the Phenotypes:
- There are three combinations that result in red flowers: "RR," "Rr," and another "Rr."
- There is one combination that results in white flowers: "rr."
5. Expected Ratio:
- From the Punnett square, we expect 3 plants to have red flowers for every 1 plant that has white flowers.
Thus, the expected ratio of red-to-white flowering plants in the phenotypes of the F2 generation is 3 red: 1 white.
1. Understanding the Traits:
- The allele for red flowers is represented by "R."
- The allele for white flowers is represented by "r."
2. Interpreting the Punnett Square:
The Punnett square shows the results of crossing two geraniums from the F1 generation with genotypes Rr and Rr. Here's how the combinations work:
- The first cell (top-left) gives us the genotype "RR."
- The second cell (top-right) gives us the genotype "Rr."
- The third cell (bottom-left) gives us the genotype "Rr."
- The fourth cell (bottom-right) gives us the genotype "rr."
3. Phenotypes from the Punnett Square:
- "RR" and "Rr" both represent plants with red flowers. This is because the presence of at least one "R" allele results in red flowers.
- "rr" represents plants with white flowers since there are no "R" alleles.
4. Counting the Phenotypes:
- There are three combinations that result in red flowers: "RR," "Rr," and another "Rr."
- There is one combination that results in white flowers: "rr."
5. Expected Ratio:
- From the Punnett square, we expect 3 plants to have red flowers for every 1 plant that has white flowers.
Thus, the expected ratio of red-to-white flowering plants in the phenotypes of the F2 generation is 3 red: 1 white.
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