Which of the following best describes information security?

A. The mechanisms for safeguarding information and information systems
B. The right of individuals to limit access to information about themselves
C. The expectation that information shared by an individual will be kept private
D. The expectation that information will be used only for its intended purpose

The correct option is option A). Information security refers to the mechanisms for safeguarding information and information systems, involing privacy and security measures to protect against threats and ensuring sensitive information is shared only on a 'need to know' basis.

Explanation:

The correct option is option A). Information security best describes the mechanisms for safeguarding information and information systems. This encompasses actions to ensure the privacy of personal, financial, and medical information shared with businesses and other organizations, and the security of operations within businesses and governments from threats like hackers and unauthorized access.

Establishing security protocols is crucial to protect information, which becomes more vulnerable when digitized. The principle of ‘Need to Know’ minimizes the risk by restricting sensitive information only to those who require it for their duties. While individual privacy is crucial, there is often tension between personal privacy and governmental or organizational needs for regulation and safety.