High School

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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]

B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]

C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]

D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To solve this problem, we need to identify the correct equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after investing \[tex]$360 at an annual interest rate of 3% over x years. This is a compound interest problem, where the formula is:

\[ A = P(1 + r)^t \]

where:
- \( A \) is the amount of money in the account after time \( t \).
- \( P \) is the principal amount (initial investment).
- \( r \) is the annual interest rate (expressed as a decimal).
- \( t \) is the time in years.

For Josiah:
- The principal amount \( P \) is \$[/tex]360.
- The annual interest rate [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is 3%, which is [tex]\( 0.03 \)[/tex] as a decimal ([tex]\( 3\% = \frac{3}{100} = 0.03 \)[/tex]).
- The time [tex]\( t \)[/tex] is represented by [tex]\( x \)[/tex].

Substituting these values into the formula gives us:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1 + 0.03)^x \][/tex]

Simplifying inside the parentheses:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

This is the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years. Therefore, the correct choice is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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