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Which of the following statements about the studies on Darwin's finches conducted by Rosemary Grant and Peter Grant since the 1970s is correct?

1. The studies have shown that the beak size of the finches is determined solely by genetic factors.
2. The studies have demonstrated that the finches' beak size can change in response to environmental conditions.
3. The studies have proven that the finches' beak size is not influenced by natural selection.
4. The studies have concluded that the finches' beak size is the same across all species of finches.

Answer :

The studies by Rosemary Grant and Peter Grant have shown that Darwin's finches' beak sizes can change due to natural selection in response to different environmental conditions, demonstrating evolution through available food sources. So, the correct answer is option 2) The studies have demonstrated that the finches' beak size can change in response to environmental conditions.

The correct statement about the studies on Darwin's finches conducted by Rosemary Grant and Peter Grant since the 1970s is that the studies have demonstrated that the finches' beak size can change in response to environmental conditions. Through their extensive research, the Grants observed that during a severe drought, the finches with larger beaks, which were capable of cracking tougher seeds, survived and reproduced. Conversely, during a period with excessive rainfall due to El Niño, smaller seeds were more abundant, allowing finches with smaller beaks to survive and reproduce at higher rates, resulting in a noticeable decline in the average beak size. These changes are a clear demonstration of natural selection influencing the evolution of beak size in response to changing environmental factors and food availability. So, the correct answer is option 2) The studies have demonstrated that the finches' beak size can change in response to environmental conditions.

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