High School

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1. A hollow ball of cells into which the fertilized ovum develops.

2. A hollow, rope-like tube that attaches the embryo to the placenta.

3. Another name for the period of pregnancy.

4. Coiled tubular structure outside the testis that stores sperm.

5. Combination of embryonic and maternal tissue responsible for gas exchange, nutrition, and excretion.

6. Gland in the brain that produces FSH and LH.

7. Hormone responsible for secondary sexual characteristics in males.

8. Hormone that maintains pregnancy.

9. Process by which an ovum is released from the ovary in humans.

10. Production of ova by meiosis.

11. Production of spermatozoa by meiosis.

12. Structure in the sperm cell that contains enzymes used to penetrate the ovum.

13. Tearing away of the endometrial lining of the uterine wall, accompanied by the loss of blood.

14. The 28-day reproductive cycle in females involving changes in the ovary and uterus.

15. The blood vessel that carries nitrogenous waste from the fetus to the placenta.

16. The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.

17. The cell division by which the zygote becomes multicellular.

18. The formation of gametes by meiosis.

19. The hormone produced by the pituitary gland that controls the growth of the Graafian follicle.

20. The hormone that converts the ruptured follicle into a corpus luteum.

21. The hormone that starts the preparation of the lining of the uterus for attachment of the fertilized ovum.

22. The lining of the uterus, which is richly supplied with blood vessels.

Answer :

  1. Blastocyst: This is a hollow ball of cells formed early in the development of an embryo. It contains two main types of cells, the inner cell mass, which becomes the embryo, and the trophoblast, which forms part of the placenta.

  2. Umbilical Cord: This is a flexible, tube-like structure that connects the developing baby (embryo/fetus) to the placenta. It allows the transfer of nutrients, oxygen, and waste between the fetus and the mother.

  3. Gestation: This is another term used to describe the period of pregnancy, which is the time during which a fetus develops inside a woman's womb, generally lasting about 40 weeks in humans.

  4. Epididymis: This is a coiled, tubular structure located outside the testes where sperm is stored and matured.

  5. Placenta: This structure is a combination of maternal and embryonic tissues and is responsible for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between the mother and the fetus.

  6. Pituitary Gland: This is a small gland located at the base of the brain that produces several important hormones, including Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH).

  7. Testosterone: This hormone is primarily responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males, such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.

  8. Progesterone: This hormone plays a key role in maintaining pregnancy by supporting the uterine lining and preventing contractions of the uterus.

  9. Ovulation: This is the release of an ovum (egg) from the ovary, typically occurring around the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle and is a crucial part of the process of reproduction.

  10. Oogenesis: This is the process of producing ova (egg cells) through meiosis in the ovaries.

  11. Spermatogenesis: This is the process by which sperm cells (spermatozoa) are produced by meiosis in the male testes.

  12. Acrosome: This is the structure located at the tip of a sperm cell that contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the outer layers of the ovum during fertilization.

  13. Menstruation: This refers to the shedding of the endometrium lining of the uterus accompanied by bleeding, marking the beginning of a menstrual cycle.

  14. Menstrual Cycle: This is a 28-day cycle in females that involves changes in the ovaries and uterus to prepare for the possibility of pregnancy.

  15. Umbilical Artery: This is the blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus to the placenta.

  16. Umbilical Vein: This blood vessel carries oxygenated blood and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus.

  17. Cleavage: This is the series of cell divisions by which a zygote becomes a multicellular blastocyst.

  18. Gametogenesis: This term encompasses the process of forming gametes (sex cells) through meiosis, including both oogenesis and spermatogenesis.

  19. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Produced by the pituitary gland, FSH stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females.

  20. Luteinizing Hormone (LH): This hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation and converting the residual follicle into a corpus luteum.

  21. Estrogen: This hormone begins the preparation of the uterine lining for the possible attachment of a fertilized ovum.

  22. Endometrium: This is the inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for the potential implantation of an embryo.

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