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VII.

(a) Draw Feynman diagrams for the lowest order Compton scattering process with all labels, explaining the notation. (7 marks)

(b) Write a note on any one of the following:

(i) Wick's theorem

(ii) Scattering matrix (S-matrix)

Answer :

Feynman diagrams are graphical representations of particle interactions, which help us to understand and calculate quantum mechanical processes. In the case of Compton scattering, the process occurs when a photon (or light particle) interacts with an electron.

As a result of this interaction, the photon's energy is transferred to the electron, causing it to recoil. In order to represent this process, we use a Feynman diagram, which is a graphical representation of the particle interactions that occur during the process. The Feynman diagram for Compton scattering involves two particles: an electron and a photon. The photon is represented by a wavy line, while the electron is represented by a solid line. The lines are connected by a point, which represents the interaction between the two particles. The direction of the arrows on the lines indicates the direction of the particle's motion. b is a mathematical tool used in quantum field theory that allows us to express the product of a large number of operators in terms of a sum of simpler products. In other words, it helps us to simplify complicated calculations by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable parts.

Wick's theorem is based on the idea of normal ordering, which means rearranging the operators in a product so that all the creation operators are on the left and all the annihilation operators are on the right. This allows us to separate the particle creation and annihilation processes, which makes the calculation much simpler. To apply Wick's theorem, we start with a product of operators and express it as a sum of normal-ordered products. We then use the fact that normal-ordered products with an odd number of operators are zero, and that normal-ordered products with an even number of operators can be expressed in terms of products of two-point functions (or propagators) and contractions.

Wick's theorem is a powerful tool that has many applications in quantum field theory, including in the calculation of scattering amplitudes and the calculation of particle decay rates.

In conclusion, Feynman diagrams and Wick's theorem are both important tools in quantum field theory. Feynman diagrams help us to visualize and calculate particle interactions, while Wick's theorem helps us to simplify complicated calculations by breaking them down into smaller parts. Together, these tools allow us to make predictions about the behavior of particles at the subatomic level, and to test these predictions experimentally.

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