According to the map titled "Iberian Peninsula, 1500s," which of the following was the outcome of the Reconquista?

1. Muslims controlled the Iberian Peninsula.
2. The French gained territory on the Iberian Peninsula.
3. The Spanish controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula.
4. Portugal united the kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula.

The Reconquista resulted in the Spanish controlling most of the Iberian Peninsula after the Christian conquest of Granada ended Muslim rule in 1492. It was a significant historical event that led to the consolidation of the region under the Spanish Catholic monarchy and paved the way for Spain's imperial ambitions. The correct option is 3) The Spanish controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula.

Explanation:

The outcome of the Reconquista, which was a centuries-long effort by the Portuguese and Spanish to reclaim the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim control, resulted in the Spanish controlling most of the Iberian Peninsula. This reconquest reached its conclusion in 1492 with the Christian conquest of Granada, marking the end of Muslim rule in the region. Despite the Portuguese having quickly reconquered their lands due to their geographically smaller area, it was the Spanish under the leadership of King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I who completed the Reconquista, capturing the last Islamic stronghold in Spain.

The Reconquista was part of a wider religious and cultural struggle between Christian and Muslim powers, which included efforts such as the Crusades. The successful annexation of Muslim territories by Spanish forces changed the political and religious landscape of the Iberian Peninsula, ultimately consolidating most of the region under Spanish Catholic monarchy. This pivotal event in history also set the stage for Spain to begin its age of exploration and imperial expansion.