Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure?

1) Peripheral resistance has no effect on blood pressure.
2) As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure decreases.
3) As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases.
4) Peripheral resistance and blood pressure are not related.

Question

03-03-2025
Biology

High School

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Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure?

1) Peripheral resistance has no effect on blood pressure.
2) As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure decreases.
3) As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases.
4) Peripheral resistance and blood pressure are not related.

Answer :

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An increase in peripheral resistance leads to an increase in blood pressure due to the reduced space within the blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow, thus requiring more pressure.

The relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure is such that an increase in peripheral resistance typically leads to an increase in blood pressure. Peripheral resistance is the resistance of the artery and blood vessel walls to the pressure placed on them by the force of the heart pumping. When peripheral resistance goes up, for example, due to vasoconstriction, the blood vessels narrow, reducing the space through which blood can flow, thereby increasing the pressure needed to push blood through the circulatory system.

High blood pressure can be the result of a combination of high cardiac output (the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute) and high peripheral resistance. Conversely, if peripheral resistance is low, for example, due to vasodilation, the blood vessels expand, allowing blood to flow more easily, which could lead to lower blood pressure. Therefore, the accurate statement reflecting this relationship is: As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases.