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Answer :
Final answer:
Diamond's study supported the equilibrium model of island biogeography by demonstrating the balance between species colonization and extinction rates on islands as well as through observations of adaptive radiation in bird populations, aligning with MacArthur and Wilson's model.
Explanation:
The features of Diamond's study about birds in the California Channel Islands that supported the equilibrium model of island biogeography include the observation that the number of bird species on an island reflects a dynamic balance between colonization and extinction. Diamond's findings were consistent with the predictions of MacArthur and Wilson's model, which states that biodiversity is influenced by the interaction of various factors such as island size, isolation, and the rate of immigration and extinction of species. Larger islands closer to the mainland with more diverse habitats would have higher rates of species immigration and lower extinction rates, leading to greater species richness. Meanwhile, smaller and more isolated islands would have lower immigration rates and higher extinction rates, resulting in fewer species.
Another aspect of Diamond's study which supported the equilibrium theory was the observation of adaptive radiation in bird populations, where a single species gave rise to multiple species each adapted to different niches within the islands' ecosystems. This process of diversification echoes the principles of the equilibrium theory, where the number of species is balanced by the opportunities for new species to arise and the limitations of the environment that might lead to extinctions.
Overall, Diamond's study underlined the key components of island biogeography, showing how island characteristics influence the diversity of species found there, a finding which has helped to inform conservation efforts and the design of nature preserves to maintain biodiversity.
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