High School

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In garden peas, tall (T) is dominant over short (t). A homozygous tall plant is crossed with a short plant. Out of 20 offspring, how many should be tall?

1) 0
2) 5
3) 10
4) 15
5) 20

Answer :

When a homozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a homozygous short pea plant, all offspring will be heterozygous tall. Therefore, out of 20 offspring, all 5) 20 should be tall.

In garden peas, the trait for height follows Mendelian genetics, where tall (T) is a dominant allele and short (t) is a recessive allele. When a homozygous tall plant (TT) is crossed with a homozygous short plant (tt), all offspring will receive one tall allele from the tall parent and one short allele from the short parent, resulting in heterozygous tall plants (Tt).

Using a Punnett square to illustrate this cross:

  • The tall plant (TT) can only produce gametes with the T allele.
  • The short plant (tt) can only produce gametes with the t allele.

When these gametes combine, all the resulting offspring will have the genotype Tt, which is heterozygous but will display the tall phenotype due to the dominance of the T allele.

Therefore, out of 20 offspring, all 20 should be tall. The correct answer to the student's question is: 5) 20.

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