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Answer :
Final answer:
Among the provided statements, the claim that 'Grignard and organolithium reagents are providers of electrophiles' is incorrect. They are instead providers of nucleophiles or carbanions, and they react with electrophilic compounds, leading to products such as tertiary alcohols.
Explanation:
The statement that 'Grignard and organolithium reagents are providers of electrophiles' is not true. Both Grignard and organolithium reagents are strong bases and potent nucleophiles, or providers of carbanion (carbon negative ions), not providers of electrophiles. They react with electrophilic carbonyl compounds like ketones, aldehydes, and others to form alcohols after the reaction is quenched with an acid. For example, a Grignard reagent can react with a ketone to form a tertiary alcohol upon reaction quenching with an acid. On the other hand, organolithium reagents can undergo class I carbonyl chemistry with acyl chloride. These reactions generally proceed via a nucleophilic addition reaction in which the polarized, or electrophilic, carbonyl carbon of the ketone or acyl chloride is attacked by the nucleophilic Grignard or organolithium reagent.
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