Answer :

Final answer:

The radiation dose received by an exposed individual is not only determined by the quantity of rays absorbed but also by the type of radiation. The dose equivalent in rems given by 30 mJ of radiation with an RBE of 10 on a 67 kg worker is computed to be 4.5 mrem, qualifying as a low dose.

Explanation:

To understand the effect of radiation exposure on the described 67 kg laboratory worker, we need to consider the given parameters: radiation exposure in millijoules (mJ), Radiation Biological Effectiveness (RBE), and the individual’s mass. The radiation dose received by an individual is calculated by converting the energy absorbed by the individual from joules (J) to rads where 1 rad = 1 J/kg. In this case, 30 mJ = 0.03 J.

So, the absorbed dose in rads for the worker becomes:
(0.03 J) / (67 kg) ≈ 0.00045 J/kg = 0.00045 rad.

In nuclear physics, the damage caused by radiation is not only determined by the absorbed dose but is also influenced by the type of radiation. The factor RBE (Radiation Biological Effectiveness) is multiplied by the calculated dose in rads to measure the biological damage to exposed tissues – this gives the dose equivalent in rems. Given RBE = 10 for neutrons, the dose equivalent in rems = RBE * number of rads = 10 * 0.00045 rad = 0.0045 rem or 4.5 mrem. This falls in the category of a low dose (<100 mSv or 10 rem).

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