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Answer :
Final answer:
Applying the 68-95-99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule in statistics, it is concluded that approximately 95% of women had their first child between the ages of 16.5 and 38.1 years.
Explanation:
The question deals with an application of the 68-95-99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule in statistics. This rule states that for a normal distribution: 68% of data falls within the first standard deviation from the mean, 95% falls within two standard deviations, and 99.7% falls within three standard deviations.
The mean age at which women have their first child is given as 27.3 years, with a standard deviation of 5.4 years. To find the range within which roughly 95% of the women had their first child, we need to add and subtract two times the standard deviation to the mean.
So, we get: 27.3 - 2(5.4) = 16.5 years and 27.3 + 2(5.4) = 38.1 years. Therefore, according to the 68-95-99.7 rule, approximately 95% of women had their first child between the ages of 16.5 and 38.1 years, which corresponds to option (B).
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