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**QUESTION 1**
The telomerase enzyme has an RNA molecule that acts as a template to extend the chromosome ends. This strategy works because:
A. Genes in telomeres are not essential.
B. There are no active genes in telomeres.
C. Telomeres contain DNA repeat sequences whose RNA copy is in telomerase.
D. None of the above.

**QUESTION 2**
DNA has an overall neutral charge. The statement is:
A. True
B. False

**QUESTION 3**
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty extended Griffith's Experiment in 1943 to find the nature of "the transforming principle." What is true about their experimental observation?
A. Bacterial filtrate plus protease transformed the R strain to S strain.
B. Bacterial filtrate plus RNase transformed the R strain to S strain.
C. Bacterial filtrate plus DNase transforms the R strain to S strain.
D. Option A and Option B are correct.

Answer :

Final answer:

Telomerase extends the ends of chromosomes using an RNA template. DNA has a negative charge, not a neutral charge. From Avery, Mcleod, and McCarty's experiment, it was found that DNA is the 'transforming principle.'

Explanation:

Of course, I'd be happy to explain each question:

Telomerase enzyme and chromosome ends

The correct answer is: Telomeres contain DNA repeat sequences whose RNA copy is in Telomerase.

Telomerase is an enzyme that adds repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of linear chromosomes. These repetitive sequences act as protective caps to prevent the loss of essential genetic material during DNA replication.

Telomerase uses an RNA molecule as a template to synthesize these repeat sequences and extend the chromosome ends. This strategy is necessary because the usual DNA replication machinery can't fully replicate the ends of linear chromosomes, leading to gradual shortening with each cell division.

Therefore, the telomerase enzyme helps to counteract this shortening.

DNA charge

The correct answer is: False.

DNA molecules are negatively charged due to the phosphate groups in their backbone. The negatively charged phosphate groups repel each other, contributing to the overall negative charge of the DNA molecule.

Avery, McLeod, and McCarty Experiment**

The correct answer is: Option C. Bacterial filterate plus DNase transforms the R strain to S strain.

Avery, McLeod, and McCarty's experiment demonstrated that DNA was the transforming principle responsible for the conversion of the non-virulent (R) strain of bacteria into the virulent (S) strain.

They treated the bacterial filtrate with different enzymes to determine which biomolecule was responsible for the transformation.

When they treated the filtrate with DNase (an enzyme that breaks down DNA), the transforming ability was lost, indicating that DNA was indeed the molecule responsible for the transformation. Option A and option B are not correct in relation to their actual experimental findings.

In summary, these explanations should help you understand the concepts and reasons behind the correct answers for each question.

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