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Robinson Crusoe divides his time between catching fish and gathering fruit. Part of his production possibilities frontier is given in the table below. Mr. Crusoe, who is lonesome, is efficient and always stays on his PPF.

| Fish (pounds) | Fruit (pounds) |
|---------------|----------------|
| 37 | 56 |
| 31 | 78 |
| 20 | 90 |
| 9 | 99 |

Mr. Crusoe is consuming 20 pounds of fish. Then he decides to slowly become a vegetarian and decreases his consumption of fish to 9 pounds. This decision means that Mr. Crusoe will:

A. incur an opportunity cost of 9 pounds of fish.
B. be able to enjoy a gain of 9 pounds of fruit.
C. incur an opportunity cost of 20 pounds of fish.
D. incur an opportunity cost of 9 pounds of fruit.
E. incur an opportunity cost of 99 pounds of fruit.

Answer :

When Mr. Crusoe decides to decrease his consumption of fish from 20 pounds to 9 pounds, he is making a trade-off between fish and fruit.

The concept of opportunity cost helps us understand the implications of his decision.

Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next best alternative foregone when making a choice. In this case, the opportunity cost of reducing fish consumption is the value of the alternative good, which is fruit.

Looking at the table, when Mr. Crusoe is consuming 20 pounds of fish, he can gather 78 pounds of fruit. However, when he decides to decrease fish consumption to 9 pounds, he can only gather 90 pounds of fruit.

Therefore, the opportunity cost of reducing fish consumption from 20 to 9 pounds is 9 pounds of fruit. This means that Mr. Crusoe is giving up the opportunity to enjoy an additional 9 pounds of fruit by choosing to consume less fish.

Hence, the correct answer is option D: incur an opportunity cost of 9 pounds of fruit.

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