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**Integrated Mathematics: Relations and Functions**

**3.1 MathXL - Part 3 of 6**

Relations mapping domain values to range values can be described as one-to-one or not one-to-one.

a. If one x-value maps to many y-values (one-to-many), does the relation represent a function? If the x- and y-values are reversed, does the relation represent a function? Explain.

b. If the relation is not one-to-one, does the relation represent a function? If the x- and y-values are reversed, does the relation represent a function? Explain.

c. If the relation is one-to-one, does the relation represent a function? If the x- and y-values are reversed, does the relation represent a function? Explain.

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**Explanations:**

a. In a one-to-many relation, at least one input value maps to more than one output value. This means a one-to-many relation cannot be a function. If the x- and y-values in a one-to-many relation are reversed, then every input value must map to exactly one output value. This means the resulting relation must be a function.

b. If a relation is not one-to-one, then there must be at least one output value that maps to more than one input value. This means a relation that is not one-to-one cannot be a function.

c. If the relation is one-to-one, every x-value maps to exactly one y-value, and vice versa. Therefore, both the original and reversed relations represent functions.

Answer :

Sure, let's go through the details of each part of the question regarding functions and types of relations:

a. One-to-Many Relations:
- If you have a relation where one x-value maps to multiple y-values, this is called a "one-to-many" relation.
- Such a relation cannot be considered a function. This is because functions require that each input (x-value) corresponds to exactly one output (y-value).
- If you reverse the x- and y-values in a one-to-many relation, you check if each y-value now corresponds to exactly one x-value. If this condition is met, the reversed relation is a function because each y-value maps to one unique x-value.

b. Not One-to-One Relations:
- A relation is not one-to-one if there is at least one y-value mapping to multiple x-values. However, it can still be considered a function as long as the original condition of each x-value mapping to a single y-value is met.
- When you reverse x- and y-values in a relation that is not one-to-one, it becomes important to check if the reversed relation is one-to-many. If in the reversed relation each former y-value (now x-value) maps to exactly one former x-value (now y-value), then the reversed relation is a function.

c. One-to-One Relations:
- A one-to-one relation is a special type of function where each x-value maps to exactly one unique y-value, and each y-value also maps to exactly one unique x-value.
- This kind of relation is always a function because it satisfies the condition for the definition of a function.
- If you reverse the x- and y-values in a one-to-one relation, the reversed relation also remains a function. This is because the one-to-one nature of the relationship means that the reversal causes no loss in the unique mapping necessary for it to still be a function.

By understanding and applying these principles, you can determine whether a given relation is a function and how it behaves if you switch its input and output values.

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Rewritten by : Barada