Answer :

Illuminated manuscripts are handwritten volumes decorated with painted images of precious metals, usually gold or silver, and usually include precious metals.

Animal skin—most often calf, sheep, or goat—was used to make the pages. A manuscript isn't regarded "illuminated" by the strictest definition unless one or more of the illuminations contained metal, typically gold leaf or shell gold paint, or at the very least was lightly dusted with gold flecks. The polishing method known as burnishing was first used on gold leaf in the 12th century. Initials, borders, and little images make up the three categories of illuminated manuscripts. Overall, monumental painting's growth and manuscript painting were similar. Printed illustrations took the place of illumination as printing became widely used in Europe in the second half of the 15th century.

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The main difference between a manuscript and an illuminated manuscript is that an illuminated manuscript contains elaborate decorations such as initials, borders, and miniature illustrations, often using gold and silver leaf, whereas a manuscript refers generally to any hand-written document before the age of printing.

A manuscript is a document that has been manually transcribed by scribes. In historical terms, manuscripts date before the invention of the printing press, typically written on parchment or vellum. An illuminated manuscript, on the other hand, is a manuscript that has been decorated with ornate lettering, gold or silver leaf accents, and often colorful miniature illustrations. The word 'illuminated' comes from the Latin 'illuminare', meaning 'to light up', which reflects how these decorations brighten up and embellish the page. These works of art were most prevalent during the Middle Ages in Europe among monastic communities, and their creation required not only skilled scribes but also talented artists. One of the most famous examples is the Book of Kells, an illuminated manuscript Gospel book in Latin, containing the four Gospels of the New Testament.