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Answer :
Final answer:
The formal charges on the atoms in the OCN- ion are: Oxygen: -1, Carbon: 0, Nitrogen: 0, corresponding to answer choice A.
Explanation:
The formal charge on an atom in a molecule or ion can be calculated by the formula: Formal Charge = (Valence Electrons) - (Nonbonding Electrons + 1/2 Bonding Electrons). In the OCN- ion, oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, but there are 7 associated with it in the structure (6 non-bonding + 1/2 of the 2 bonding to carbon), so the formal charge on O is -1. Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, and there are 4 electrons shared either in a double bond with nitrogen or a single bond with oxygen, therefore, the formal charge on C is 0. Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons, but there are 6 associated with it in the structure (2 non-bonding + 1/2 of 8 billion from the triple bond with carbon), hence, the formal charge on N is 0. Based on these calculations, the correct answer is
option A
: Oxygen: -1, Carbon: 0, Nitrogen: 0.
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