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What is the main claim of metaphysical realism?

A. Reality is a product of human thought.
B. Reality exists independently of human perception.
C. Reality is constantly changing.
D. Reality is an illusion.

Answer :

Final answer:

Metaphysical realism claims that reality exists independently of human perception, with objective truths hinging on this external existence. Idealism and Process Metaphysics offer alternative views, where reality is either mental or composed of dynamic events. Naturalism and direct realism further explore the relationship between perception and external reality within metaphysics.

Explanation:

Understanding Metaphysical Realism

Metaphysical realism posits a view where reality exists independently of human minds and perceptions. This philosophical stance holds that objects, properties, and relations that constitute the world do not rely on our thoughts or experiences to exist. Metaphysical realists argue that, for beliefs about the world to be objectively true, they must correspond to a reality that is external and independent of perception.

Contrary to metaphysical realism, Idealism suggests that reality is primarily mental or spiritual, with material objects being a secondary facet of experience. Plato's theory of Forms, where entities such as perfect circles exist in an ideal realm beyond the physical, exemplifies this perspective. Additionally, alternatives like Process Metaphysics perceive reality as a dynamic process composed of events and 'eternal objects', thereby challenging the static view of existence.

Defining what is 'real' within the field of metaphysics often revolves around differing ideologies like naturalism, which equates reality with the physical world that is empirically testable, and direct realism, which asserts that perception provides direct access to this external world. Through these discussions, metaphysics seeks to unveil the essential characteristics common to all that is considered real.

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