Answer :

Final answer:

Preoperational thinking is a stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development. It involves egocentrism, centration, animism, and irreversibility.

Explanation:

Preoperational thinking is a stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development that occurs in children aged 2 to 7 years old. The defining characteristics of preoperational thinking are egocentrism, centration, animism, and irreversibility.

Egocentrism refers to the child's inability to understand that others may have different perspectives or thoughts. Centration is the tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation and ignoring other relevant factors. Animism is the belief that inanimate objects have feelings or thoughts, and irreversibility is the inability to mentally reverse an action or understand that reversing an action can return something to its original state.

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