Which of the following is not correct about gerrymandering?

1) Gerrymandering is used to protect a first-time candidate.
2) Gerrymandering uses a pairing technique that redistricts two or more incumbent legislators' residences or political bases so that both are in the same district.
3) Gerrymandering is used to concentrate minorities in one district.
4) Gerrymandering diffuses a concentrated political or ethnic minority among several districts so that votes in any one district are negligible.

Which claims it is used to protect a first-time candidate, while in reality, gerrymandering often benefits incumbents or political parties already in power. Therefore, the correct option is 1) Gerrymandering is used to protect a first-time candidate.

Explanation:

Gerrymandering is not correct. Gerrymandering is a strategic process used by political parties to redraw legislative district boundaries to gain electoral advantage. Specifically, it involves two main tactics: packing, which concentrates opposition voters into one district, thus giving up one district to win others, and cracking, which disperses a group of voters into multiple districts to dilute their voting power in each. Option 1) is incorrect because gerrymandering is usually intended to benefit established politicians or a specific political party, not first-time candidates. Options 2), 3), and 4) all describe actual techniques used in gerrymandering: Pairing incumbents (known as "double-bunking"), concentrating minority groups within a single district to limit their influence elsewhere (sometimes called "packing"), or diffusing them across several districts to dilute their influence (known as "cracking").