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Answer :
In the human genome, DNA replication is a critical process where the DNA is copied. During this process, errors can occur, leading to mismatches in the DNA sequence. Normally, cellular mechanisms repair these mismatches, but if these repair systems were not functioning, errors would accumulate.
In a typical human cell, around 3 billion base pairs are duplicated during DNA replication. DNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for copying DNA, has a proofreading ability, but it still makes mistakes at a rate of approximately 1 in every 100,000 nucleotides.
Without any repair mechanisms, the number of errors would be:
[tex]\text{Number of errors} = \frac{3,000,000,000}{100,000} = 30,000[/tex]
Thus, considering this context and natural rates of errors in DNA replication, if mismatches could not be repaired, approximately 60,000 errors would be expected in the human genome.
Therefore, the correct multiple-choice option is 60,000.
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