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When Alan Krakauer studied courtship displays in male turkeys, he found that males often displayed in pairs. What was true of the males belonging to a given pair?

1) They were more closely related than two males drawn at random from the population.
2) They were less closely related than two males drawn at random from the population.
3) They were related to about the same extent as two males drawn at random from the population.
4) Krakauer was unable to determine the degree of relatedness among these males.

Answer :

Final answer:

Alan Krakauer's study on male turkey courtship displays showed that the males displaying in pairs were closely related, suggesting a kin selection strategy to increase their shared genetic success. The energy they invest in courtship displays might affect their capacity for parental care, but the study primarily illuminates the relatedness and cooperative behavior among male turkeys.

Explanation:

When Alan Krakauer studied the courtship displays of male turkeys, he discovered an intriguing social behavior. His research indicated that the male turkeys that were displaying in pairs were more closely related than two random males from the population. This behavior suggests a strategic advantage, where males assist their genetic relatives, increasing the likelihood of their shared genes being passed on to the next generation. Such cooperation among related individuals is an example of kin selection, a form of natural selection that favors the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, potentially even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction.

In the broader context, this finding also touches on the energy investment and behavior of species with varied courtship rituals. In species where males carry out elaborate courtship displays or possess vibrant plumage, they may differ in how much energy they have left for parental care. While some species with courtship displays may assist in parental care, others might not, as energy is expended in the mating process. Similarly, the energy used to develop and maintain colorful plumage could affect a male's ability to contribute to after-mating activities. Nonetheless, for the species that Krakauer studied, the focus is on the cooperative display among male turkeys and its implications for their relative success in attracting mates.

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