High School

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If a pea plant produces 2560 seeds during a dihybrid cross between round yellow and wrinkled green plants, determine the following:

a) Phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation

b) Genotypic ratio of the F2 generation

c) Dominant allele frequency in the F1 generation

d) Recessive allele frequency in the F1 generation

Answer :

Final answer:

The F2 generation of a dihybrid cross between round yellow and wrinkled green pea plants has a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 and a genotypic ratio that is more complex due to the combination of alleles. Dominant and recessive allele frequencies can be predicted in the F1 generation. Therefore, option c) Dominant allele frequency in F1 generation is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Understanding the Dihybrid Cross in Pea Plants

In a dihybrid cross between round yellow (RrYY) and wrinkled green (rryy) pea plants, the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation follows a typical 9:3:3:1 pattern, with 9 parts having both dominant traits (round, yellow), 3 parts having one dominant and one recessive trait (round, green or wrinkled, yellow), and 1 part having both recessive traits (wrinkled, green).

The genotypic ratio of the F2 generation for two genes is more complex, with a variety for each combination of alleles; typically represented as 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1. The dominant allele frequency in the F1 generation would be 100% for each trait, as they are the result of a cross between a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive parent. Conversely, the recessive allele frequency in the F1 generation would also be 100%, but these alleles do not affect the phenotype due to dominance.

To analyze these crosses, a Punnett square consisting of 16 squares (4x4) would be appropriate to represent all possible combinations of alleles from the parents, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the F2 generation's genetic makeup.

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