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Answer :
Final answer:
The Purkinje fibers in the apex of the heart distribute the electrical impulse that triggers ventricular contraction. The impulse travels up from the apex to the base of the heart, ensuring effective and efficient blood pumping. This process underpins why the excitation wave is carried to the apex.
Explanation:
The Purkinje fibers, also known as Purknye tissue, are part of the heart's cardiac conductive system. These fibers distribute the electrical impulse to the contractile cells found in the ventricles. This impulse is sent throughout the myocardium, originating from the apex of the heart, and moves towards the atrioventricular septum and the base of the heart.
The electrical stimulus, or excitation wave, begins at the apex of the heart where the Purkinje fibers are. The Purkinje fibers have a fast inherent conduction rate, which allows the electrical impulse to reach all of the ventricular muscle cells in about 75 milliseconds. Because the electrical stimulus begins at the apex, contraction also starts at the apex and moves towards the base of the heart, rather like squeezing a tube of toothpaste from the bottom up.
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