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Which phrase is NOT a biotic factor affecting the population growth of moose on Isle Royale?

A. summer temperatures
B. food availability
C. infectious disease
D. tick population growth
E. wolf population size

Answer :

The correct option is a. Summer Temperatures

Biotic factors are living or once-living components of an ecosystem that can have an impact on the population dynamics of organisms.

These factors can include other organisms, such as predators, prey, competitors, or pathogens. They directly or indirectly influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of individuals within a population.

a. Summer temperatures: Summer temperatures are an example of an abiotic factor, as they refer to non-living components of the environment. While temperature can influence moose behavior and physiological processes, it is not considered a biotic factor affecting their population growth.

b. Food availability: Food availability is a biotic factor that directly affects the population growth of moose. The availability of suitable food resources, such as browse (vegetation), impacts the moose population's ability to find adequate nutrition and can affect their reproduction, survival, and overall population size.

c. Infectious disease: Infectious diseases, caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, are biotic factors that can significantly influence population growth.

Diseases can spread within the moose population and lead to increased mortality rates, reduced reproductive success, and ultimately affect the population's growth and dynamics.

d. Tick population growth: Tick population growth is also a biotic factor that can impact moose population growth. Ticks are parasites that can feed on moose and transmit diseases. Increased tick populations can lead to higher rates of infestation, causing negative health effects on moose individuals and potentially affecting their population growth.

e. Wolf population size: The wolf population size is another biotic factor that can affect the population growth of moose. Wolves are natural predators of moose, and their population size directly influences predation rates.

When the wolf population is large, predation pressure on moose increases, potentially leading to reduced survival and population growth of the moose.

Biotic factors, such as food availability, infectious disease, tick population growth, and wolf population size, have more direct influences on moose population dynamics on the island.

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