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Answer :
Final answer:
Remaining Grignard reagent in a reaction with an aldehyde continues to react as the equilibrium produces more aldehyde, eventually leading to full consumption of all reagents to avoid side reactions and purification issues.
Explanation:
When a Grignard reagent is added to an aldehyde and remains in the reaction mixture after the initial aldehyde has been consumed, the reaction will continue as the equilibrium shifts to produce more aldehyde. This phenomenon occurs because although aldehydes are generally in small amounts within the equilibrium mixture, they are consumed in reactions, prompting the equilibrium to shift and produce more of the free aldehyde until all reagents have reacted.
Grignard reagents are known for their strong nucleophilicity and can undergo further reactions such as glycosidic bond formation if alcohols are present or could affect the formation of by-products if excess reactant is present. In general, when excess Grignard reagent is used, care must be taken to ensure its complete reaction or removal to avoid side reactions and obtain a pure product.
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Excess Grignard reagent in the reaction mixture will be destroyed by reacting with water or acidic workup solution, resulting in the formation of a salt or alcohol, making it necessary to ensure complete reaction with aldehyde.
After the addition of the aldehyde, any excess Grignard reagent that remains in the reaction mixture will react with water or the acidic workup solution. This reaction will destroy the Grignard reagent and result in the formation of a salt or alcohol. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of the Grignard reagent has reacted with the aldehyde before proceeding with the workup. Any remaining Grignard reagent can also react with impurities in the reaction mixture, leading to unwanted side products.
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