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Answer :
The correct option is:
D. body surface area is commonly used when there is no established pediatric dose.
Here's the reasoning:
When determining a dosage for a pediatric patient, several factors are considered. Body surface area (BSA) is often used as a factor in dosage calculations, especially when there is no established pediatric dose based on weight or age. This is because BSA takes into account the overall size of the child, which can more accurately reflect the metabolic and physiological differences compared to using a standard dose meant for adults.
Option A is incorrect because BSA is not always used; it depends on the specific medication and age of the child.
Option B is incorrect because BSA is not limited to neonates; it can be used across various pediatric age groups.
Option C is incorrect because BSA calculations are not limited to children up to the age of 2; they can be used for older children as well, depending on the medication.
option D correctly reflects the common practice of using BSA when a pediatric-specific dose has not been established based on other criteria like weight or age.
The correct question is.
when determining a dosage for a pediatric patient, what should be considered for calculating the dosage using body surface area versus a standard dosage calculation?
options:
A. body surface area should always be used to calculate pediatric doses
B. body surface area should only be used for neonates undergoing rapid metabolic changes.
C. body surface area should be used for pediatric patients up to the age of 2.
D. body surface area is commonly used when there is no established pediatric dose.
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Final answer:
Determining pediatric dosage requires considering age, weight, body surface area, and standard dosage to provide a dose that's safe and effective for a child's unique physiology and to minimize the risk of side effects. Therefore, the correct option is D) All of the above.
Explanation:
When determining a dosage for a pediatric patient using body surface area (BSA) versus standard dosage calculation, all of the following should be considered: Age and weight, Body surface area, and the Standard dosage. BSA calculations are important as they provide a more accurate measure in pediatric patients due to their rapid growth and developmental changes, which can influence drug metabolism and elimination. Age and weight are crucial in calculating the correct dose, especially in children because a fixed adult dose can result in under or overdosing. The body surface area provides a more individualized dosage by considering the unique size and metabolism of the child. Lastly, the standard dosage gives a baseline for dosing, but it must be adjusted for children's specific needs.
Furthermore, when calculating drug dosages, whether using weight-based (mg/kg) calculations or BSA (e.g., mg/m2), one must also consider factors such as the patient's history of liver or kidney function which influences drug clearance and potential toxicity. Besides age, body size, time and the need to minimize the risk of side effects while ensuring clinical cure are central to determining an appropriate pediatric dosage.
