High School

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Hypertension increases traffic to the nucleus tractus solitarius. Which pathway is affected?

1) Sympathetic pathway
2) Parasympathetic pathway
3) Sensory pathway
4) Motor pathway

Answer :

Final answer:

Increased activity in the nucleus tractus solitarius due to hypertension affects the sympathetic pathway, leading to elevated sympathetic tone and cardiovascular responses such as increased heart rate and blood pressure.

Explanation:

When hypertension increases traffic to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) within the medulla, it predominantly affects the sympathetic pathway. The NTS is a critical structure in modulating cardiovascular function, receiving sensory input related to blood pressure, such as that from the heart, aorta, and carotid sinuses. Activation of the NTS leads to increased sympathetic tone, which in turn influences the cardiovascular system via the cardiac accelerator and vasomotor nerves. This results in an increased heart rate, blood vessel constriction, and thus, elevated blood pressure - all functions associated with the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, among the options provided, the sympathetic pathway is the most directly influenced pathway when the NTS is engaged due to hypertension.

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