There are reports in Optima that demonstrate admission scores, discharge scores, and change scores for each individual item. Please complete the sentence with additional information or context.

The question addresses how admission, discharge, and change scores are utilized to monitor student progress and the factors involved in creating these scoring systems within the context of educational assessments, with a focus on criterion validity and standardized testing.

Explanation:

The question pertains to the use of admission scores, discharge scores, and change scores in reporting student progress and the considerations that go into creating such a scoring system. In educational assessments, the creation of a scoring scheme involves considerations such as criterion validity, which is crucial for determining the ability of a test to predict relevant outcomes like academic achievement. For instance, a test measuring conscientiousness should correlate with a student's grade point average. Collecting numerical data throughout a term and categorically reporting it as letter grades (A, B, C, D, F) is an example of how scores may be translated into understandable formats.

Relevance for Standardized Testing

The use of standardized testing in measuring academic performance has been debated, especially considering the ability of such tests to measure not just intelligence but the ability to learn and perform in a specific environment. This is exemplified by findings like those in the Coleman Report, which discussed the variability and overlap in test scores among different demographic groups and what those scores truly measure.