Answer :

Final answer:

Psychoactive substances can lead to both physical and psychological dependence, with withdrawal symptoms varying based on the substance. Rehabilitation for these dependencies can include therapy, support groups, and medication-assisted treatments like methadone. Withdrawal can be a dangerous process demanding medical supervision, especially with central nervous system depressants.

Explanation:

Understanding Dependence and Withdrawal

Psychoactive substances such as glues, solvents, and propellants can lead to various forms of dependence and withdrawal. Dependence includes both physical and psychological aspects. Physical dependence is seen when the body adapts to the presence of a substance, leading to withdrawal symptoms such as tremors, pain, seizures, or insomnia when the substance is no longer taken. Psychological dependence involves a strong desire or compulsion to use the substance, with possible psychological withdrawal symptoms like anxiety, depression, paranoia, or hallucinations upon cessation.

Substances such as opioids, which include both illegal drugs like heroin and prescription medications, can cause severe dependence and withdrawal symptoms. These substances can lead to addiction, where the individual continues to use the substance despite negative consequences. To support individuals with this dependence, rehabilitation programs might involve psychotherapy, support groups, and sometimes the use of medications like methadone to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms without creating a new addiction.

Opioid withdrawal, often compared to a severe case of the flu, is not typically life-threatening but is extremely unpleasant. Methadone is used in treatment programs to help manage these symptoms. Finally, central nervous system depressants also have a high potential for abuse and can lead to both physical and psychological dependence, requiring careful medical supervision during withdrawal.

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