With a protein antigen, what 3 changes occur in B cells to enhance interaction with CD4 T cells?
a) Proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and class switching
b) Activation, differentiation, and migration
c) Clonal expansion, affinity maturation, and memory formation
d) Antibody production, cytokine release, and antigen presentation.

To enhance interaction with CD4 T cells, B cells undergo clonal expansion, affinity maturation, and memory formation after encountering a protein antigen. These changes contribute to an effective immune response and the development of immunological memory.

Explanation:

When a protein antigen interacts with B cells, it leads to a multi-step process that enhances the B cells' interaction with CD4 T cells. This process includes several key changes within the B cells:

Clonal Expansion: Naive B-lymphocytes that have encountered an antigen undergo proliferation upon receiving signals from cytokines produced by T4-helper lymphocytes. This results in the expansion of B cells with B-cell receptors (BCRs) specific to the antigen.
Affinity Maturation: During clonal expansion, slight alterations called somatic hypermutations occur in the BCR genes. These mutations can increase the affinity of BCRs for the antigen, resulting in better immune response.
Memory Formation: Some of the proliferated B cells differentiate into memory B cells, which can rapidly respond to future exposures to the same antigen.

These changes enable B cells to effectively present antigens to CD4 T cells, receive further activation signals, and differentiate into either plasma cells that produce antibodies (part of the humoral immune response) or memory B cells that contribute to immunological memory.