Studies of Galapagos finches have found that at certain points in time, all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks. The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is _______ selection.

Question

15-11-2023
Biology

High School

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Studies of Galapagos finches have found that at certain points in time, all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks. The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is _______ selection.

Answer :

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priyankakasturiase50 priyankakasturiase50 · Answer 1 · 2025-05-01T13:31:56-04:00

Final answer:

The variation of beak sizes within Galapagos finches, from wide to narrow, is a result of disruptive selection. This type of evolution occurs when changes in the environment favor the survival and reproduction of individuals with extreme phenotypes over those with intermediate ones. In the case of the finches, environmental changes in seed availability favored either small, thin beaks or large, wide ones over time.

Explanation:

The type of evolution that leads to either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks within Galapagos finches is disruptive selection. In the example you provided, during periods of elevated rainfall associated with El Niño, the availability of seeds changed. Small, soft seeds available favored the survival and reproduction of finches with small, thin beaks, which in turn led to the evolution of smaller beaks in the population. However, when conditions improved and larger hard seeds became available, evolution favored the survival and reproduction of finches with larger, wider beaks. This demonstrates how changing environmental conditions and resources can lead to two extreme phenotypic traits being favored over intermediate ones, a classic example of disruptive selection.

Learn more about disruptive selection here:

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