Answer :

Final answer:

Some methods of pest control that do not involve pesticides include biological control, cultural control, mechanical control, and genetic control.

Explanation:

There are several methods of pest control that do not involve using pesticides:

  • Biological control: Introducing natural enemies of pests, such as predators, parasites, or pathogens, to control their population. For example, releasing ladybugs to eat aphids on plants.
  • Cultural control: Modifying the environment or cultural practices to reduce pest infestations. This can include practicing crop rotation, removing pest habitat, or planting pest-resistant varieties.
  • Mechanical control: Using physical barriers or devices to trap or exclude pests. This can involve using netting or fences to keep pests out, or using traps to catch and remove pests.
  • Genetic control: Manipulating the genetic traits of pests to reduce their ability to reproduce or survive. This can be done through techniques such as genetic engineering or selective breeding.

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