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Answer :
Final answer:
The concentration of dissolved iron in the water as a function of distance from the mine can be calculated by considering the initial concentration, flow rate, and increase in flow rate per kilometer downstream. The mass of Fe(OH)3 precipitated per day can be plotted to visualize the extent of contamination.
Explanation:
Fisher Creek is a small stream that drains an old gold mine near the Northwest gate of Yellowstone National Park. The decades of mining and crushing of rocks rich in metal sulfides have resulted in a heavily contaminated acid-mine system. This contaminated water flows into the pristine Clark's Fork River, contaminating it for miles.
The concentration of dissolved iron in the water is an important indicator of contamination. To calculate the concentration of dissolved iron as a function of distance from the mine, we need to consider the initial concentration, the flow rate, and the increase in flow rate per kilometer downstream.
The stream has a flow rate of 7.7 m3 per minute. Its pH is 1.82 coming out of the mine, and it contains roughly 17ppm (parts per million) dissolved iron.
The flow rate of the stream increases by 15 m3 per km for every kilometer downstream of the old mine. Assuming the rate of oxidation to Fe3+ (aq) is not limiting, we can calculate the concentration of dissolved iron in the water as a function of distance from the mine.
To show the results graphically, we can plot the mass of Fe(OH)3 precipitated per day as a function of distance from the mine. This will help visualize the extent of contamination.
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