Answer :

Final answer:

Spherical amalgam is deemed superior to lathe-cut amalgam due to better physical properties, ease of use, relatively low cost, and longer lifespan. Mercury toxicity concerns exist, but solid mercury alloys in fillings haven't been linked to medical issues, and amalgam-based fillings are considered safe by the FDA for most individuals.

Explanation:

Dentists use amalgams containing silver and other metals to fill cavities, with spherical amalgam viewed as superior to lathe-cut amalgam. The use of amalgam in dentistry is informed by several advantages, including its low cost, ease of manipulation, and longer lifespan when compared to alternative materials. Spherical amalgams, specifically, offer improved physical properties that enhance their clinical performance. However, there is a conversation around the toxicity of mercury, which constitutes about 50% of dental amalgam by weight. Notably, solid mercury alloys, like those found in dental fillings, haven't been directly connected to any medical issues. The FDA, after thorough research, has deemed dental amalgam-based fillings safe for adults and children over six years of age.

Despite this safety assessment, it is worth mentioning that mercury exposure concerns have led to alteration in usage patterns for amalgams, not only in dentistry but also in other applications where they have historical significance, such as in electrolytic cells or for the extraction of gold. Alkali metal amalgams are still used because they are potent reducing agents and are safer to handle than pure alkali metals.

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