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Answer :
Final answer:
Preparing a melting point capillary includes sealing one end of a capillary tube and filling it with a finely ground solid sample. The amount of the sample matters because too much can negatively impact the accuracy of the melting point determination. Filling the tube halfway may slow down this determination.
Explanation:
To prepare a melting point capillary, one needs to seal one end of a glass capillary tube by heating it in a Bunsen flame. Next, a small amount of the solid sample is ground to a fine powder and packed into the tube till about 1-2mm high. The amount of sample in the capillary tube matter because too many sample can result in a slower and less accurate melting point determination.
Depending on the adhesive and cohesive forces of the substance inside the capillary tube, a substance may rise (like water) or fall (like mercury) in the tube. This action is associated with the surface tension of the substance and it inversely proportional to the density of the substance and the radius of the tube. Filling the tube to the halfway point could result in a slower melting point determination due to increased sample mass.
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