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Which government act best completes this diagram about industry in the late nineteenth century?

Options:
A. Federal Farm Loan Act
B. Pure Food and Drug Act
C. Federal Reserve Act
D. Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer :

Final answer:

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 is the government act that best represents the response to the industrial development in the late nineteenth century. It was passed to reduce anti-competitive practices and ensure fair market practices. It was prominently used to break up the Standard Oil monopoly in 1911.

Explanation:

The government act that best completes the diagram of industry in the late nineteenth century would be the Sherman Antitrust Act. This Act was passed by Congress in 1890 in response to the emergence of large-scale industry, or 'trusts', which often consolidated market power to the detriment of competition. It was designed to curtail widespread anti-competitive practices, thereby promoting fairness in market practices and ensuring that no single entity could monopolize or attempt to monopolize.

One of the most prominent examples of the Act's effectiveness was its use in 1911 to break up the Standard Oil monopoly, which controlled about 90% of the country's oil refining. The company was broken down into 34 independent firms, which included today's Exxon, Mobil, Amoco, and Chevron. This showed the government's commitment to enforce antitrust laws and maintain open competition in the industries.

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