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Answer :
Final answer:
Blood pressure is greater when peripheral vessels constrict, as narrower vessels increase resistance to blood flow. In contrast, when peripheral vessels dilate, the blood pressure decreases due to reduced resistance
Explanation:
Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts upon the walls of the blood vessels or chambers of the heart. The question asked is whether blood pressure is greater during dilation or constriction of peripheral vessels. This is a topic in cardiovascular biology.
When peripheral vessels - which are the smaller, branching blood vessels that reach the very tissue cells - dilate, they widen and allow for a greater volume of blood to flow through them with less resistance. This physiological process decreases the blood pressure in the peripheral vessels compared to when these vessels constrict.
Contrary to dilation, constriction or narrowing of the vessels − known as vasoconstriction − significantly increases blood pressure. This happens due to the increased resistance to blood flow. The diameter of the vessel is the key determinant of resistance and flow, according to the vascular tone - the contractile state of the smooth muscle in the vessels.
So, the blood pressure is greater when peripheral vessels constrict (option B) compared to when they dilate (option A).
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